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KMID : 1009020240220010045
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Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience
2024 Volume.22 No. 1 p.45 ~ p.52
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Is Every Thyroid Antibody a Bad Sign?: The Complex Relationship of Antithyroid Antibodies and Obsessive-compulsive Symptoms
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Ali Caykoylu
Mustafa Ugurlu
Esra Kabadayi Sahin
Selcuk Akan
Gorkem Karakas Ugurlu
Ezgi Cisil Erdogan
Emine Ulku Alkan
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Abstract
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Objective: Several immunological factors are emphasized in the etiology of autoimmune thyroid diseases and obsessivecompulsive disorder. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) are commonly seen in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between OCS and antithyroid antibodies.
Methods: The study included 145 patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis or Graves’ disease and 42 healthy controls. Thyroid function tests and serum thyroid autobody levels (anti-thyroglobulin [TG], anti-thyroid peroxidase [TPO], and anti-thyroid stimulating hormone [TSH]) of the patients were measured. The socio-demographic data and OCS of the participants were evaluated with Dimensional OCS (DOCS).
Results: DOCS scores were higher in patients than in the control group. There was not found a significant relationship between free T3, free T4, and TSH levels and DOCS scores. Anti-TG positivity in females was associated with lower DOCS scores. Anti-TPO positivity in males had a positive correlation with DOCS scores. There was no correlation between sex and the presence of anti-TSH in terms of OCS severity. Univariate analysis found the highest OCS scores in anti-TPO positive, anti-TG, and anti-TSH negative patients. The group with the lowest OCS scores was found to be anti-TG positive, anti-TPO, and anti-TSH negative patients.
Conclusion: OCS severity could be affected by different thyroid autoantibody profiles in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases. While anti-TG serves a protective role against OCS in females, the presence of anti-TPO may worsen the OCS in men. Additionally, the co-existence of different antithyroid antibodies may affect the severity of OCS differently according to sex.
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KEYWORD
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Hashimoto disease, Graves disease, Autoimmunity, Autoantibodies
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